BROADCASTING DEFINED

For the sake of convenience in this discussion, we may defined broadcasting as the transmission through space, by mean of radio frequencies, of signal capable of being received either aurally or visually or both aurally and visually by the general public. There are several types of broadcasting : standard or AM (Amplitude Modulation) broadcasting of sound; FM (Frequency Modulation) broadcasting a higher fidelity form of sound transmission,; television, the transmission of pictures and sound; facsimile, the transmission of still pictures and writing, with or without sound, to be received on photographic paper; and numerous other type of broadcasting, including shortwave transmissions overseas, police radio, Army and Navy radio, microwave relays, and highly specialized forms of broadcasting such as radar. When we use the term ‘broadcasting’ in this volume, it should be understood to include only AM dan FM radio, and television.

Transmission Of Broadcasting

One way to gauge the scope of Indonesia broadcasting is to note how much effort and money go into operations of our broadcasting system. In the 2000’s, there were in operations one national radio network (Radio of Indonesia Republic), more than 3000 individual radio stations. Most of the se stations transmit program from sunup to midnight, and many continue later. To produce income the commercial station sell program and time to advertiser.

Treatment Of News and Public Events

NEWS

1). A Radio Station's news schedule should be adequate and well-balanced. 2). News reporting should be factual, fair and without bias. 3). A Radio Station's broadcaster should exercise articular discrimination in the acceptance, placement and presentation of advertising in news program so that such advertising should be distinguishable from the news content. 4). At all times, pictorial and verbal material for both news and comment ahould conform to other sections of these standards, wherever such sections are reasonably applicable. 5). Good taste should prevail in the selection and handling of news : Morbid, sensational or alarming detail not essential to the factual report, especially in connection with stories of crime or sex, should be avoided. News Should be telecast in such a manner as to avoid panic and unneccessary alarm. 6). Commentary and analysis shoul be clearly identified as such. 7). Pictorial material should be chosen with care and not presented in a misleding manner. 8. All News interview program should be governed by accepted standards of ethical jounalism, under which the interviewer selects the questions to be asked. Where there is advance agreement materially restricting an important or newsworthy area questioning, the interviewer will state on the program that such limitation has been agreed upon. Such disclosure should be made if the person being interviewed requires that question be submitted in advance or if the participates in editing a recording of the interview prior to its use on the air. 9). A Radio broadcaster should exercise due care in his supervision of content, format, and presentation of newscast originated by his station, and in this selection of newscasters, commentators, and analysis.

PUBLIC EVENTS

1). A Radio broadcaster has an affirmative responsibility at all times to be informed of public, event, and to provide coverage consonant with the ends of an informed and enlightened citizenry. 2). The treatment of such events by a radio broadcaster should provide adequate and informed coverage.